Governors

Those who ruled with an authority delegated to them by a higher ruler to whom they were responsible.

Joseph as governor of Egypt

Genesis 42:6 See also Genesis 41:41, Genesis 41:43, Genesis 41:55, Genesis 45:8, Genesis 45:26

Now Joseph was the ruler of the land; he was the one who sold grain to all its people. So when his brothers arrived, they bowed down before him with their faces to the ground.

Governors of Judah

Gedaliah had a short period in office

2 Kings 25:22–23 See also Jeremiah 40:7, Jeremiah 40:11, Jeremiah 41:2, Jeremiah 41:18

Nebuchadnezzar king of Babylon appointed Gedaliah son of Ahikam, the son of Shaphan, over the people he had left behind in the land of Judah. When all the commanders of the armies and their men heard that the king of Babylon had appointed Gedaliah as governor, they came to Gedaliah at Mizpah — Ishmael son of Nethaniah, Johanan son of Kareah, Seraiah son of Tanhumeth the Netophathite, and Jaazaniah son of the Maacathite, as well as their men.

Sheshbazzar laid the temple foundations

Ezra 5:14 See also Ezra 1:8

He also removed from the temple of Babylon the gold and silver articles belonging to the house of God, which Nebuchadnezzar had taken and carried there from the temple in Jerusalem. King Cyrus gave these articles to a man named Sheshbazzar, whom he appointed governor

Zerubbabel

Zerubbabel is possibly the same person as Sheshbazzar: Haggai 1:1, Haggai 1:14, Haggai 2:2, Haggai 2:21

Nehemiah rebuilt the walls of Jerusalem

Nehemiah 5:14 See also Nehemiah 8:9, Nehemiah 10:1, Nehemiah 12:26

Furthermore, from the day King Artaxerxes appointed me to be their governor in the land of Judah, from his twentieth year until his thirty-second year (twelve years total), neither I nor my brothers ate the food allotted to the governor.

Governors before Nehemiah

Nehemiah 5:15

Persian governors

Tattenai

Ezra 5:3 “Trans-Euphrates” (literally “beyond the river”, i.e., the Euphrates River) to the Persians included the areas of Aram, Phoenicia and Palestine. See also Ezra 5:6, Ezra 6:6, Ezra 6:13

At that time Tattenai the governor of the region west of the Euphrates, Shethar-bozenai, and their associates went to the Jews and asked, “Who authorized you to rebuild this temple and restore this structure?”

Other governors of Trans-Euphrates

Ezra 8:36 See also Nehemiah 2:7, Nehemiah 2:9, Nehemiah 3:7

They also delivered the king’s edicts to the royal satraps and governors of the region west of the Euphrates, who proceeded to assist the people and the house of God.

Other Persian governors

Esther 3:12 See also Esther 8:9, Esther 9:3; Daniel 3:2–3, Daniel 3:27, Daniel 6:7

On the thirteenth day of the first month, the royal scribes were summoned and the order was written exactly as Haman commanded the royal satraps, the governors of each province, and the officials of each people, in the script of each province and the language of every people. It was written in the name of King Xerxes and sealed with the royal signet ring.

Satraps

Satraps were Persian provincial governors: Ezra 8:36; Esther 3:12, Esther 8:9, Esther 9:3; Daniel 3:2–3, Daniel 3:27, Daniel 6:1–4, Daniel 6:6, Daniel 6:7

Other OT references to governors

Judges 9:30; 1 Kings 4:7 Solomon's twelve district governors; 1 Kings 4:19; 2 Kings 10:5, 2 Kings 23:8; 2 Chronicles 9:14; Jeremiah 51:23, Jeremiah 51:28, Jeremiah 51:57; Ezekiel 23:6, Ezekiel 23:12, Ezekiel 23:23; Malachi 1:8

Roman governors

Quirinius, governor of Syria

Luke 2:1–2

Now in those days a decree went out from Caesar Augustus that a census should be taken of the whole empire. This was the first census to take place while Quirinius was governor of Syria.

Pilate, governor of Judea

Felix, governor of Judea

Acts 23:24, Acts 23:26, Acts 23:33–34, Acts 24:1, Acts 24:10

Festus, governor of Judea

Acts 26:30–32 Festus did not understand Paul but might well have released him but for his (Paul's) appeal to Rome.

The governor of Damascus

2 Corinthians 11:32

In Damascus, the governor under King Aretas secured the city of the Damascenes in order to arrest me.